DESCRIPTION LOCATIONThe island of Bali is part of the Lesser Sunda Islands are thousands of Denpasar. Other important places are Ubud as art center located in Gianyar regency, while Kuta, Sanur, Seminyak, and Nusa Dua are some places that became a tourist destination, both the beach and tourist resort. Ethnic groups were divided into 2 Bali: Bali Aga (original Balinese people used to live in the area Trunyan), and Mojopahit Bali (Balinese Hindu / Balinese descent Mojopahit).
ELEMENTS - CULTURAL ELEMENTS
A. LANGUAGESBali mostly using Balinese and Indonesian, the majority of Balinese people are bilingual or even trilingual. English is the third and the main foreign language for the Balinese people are influenced by the needs of the tourism industry. Balinese language is divided into two namely, the language is the language of Bali Aga pronunciation is more rugged, and the Balinese language Mojopahit.yaitu language pronunciation is more subtle.
B. KNOWLEDGEBanjar or can be referred to as the village is a form of social units that are based on a unified region. Social unity is reinforced by units of customary and religious ceremonies. Dikepalahi by Klian Banjar Banjar who served as concerning all matters within the field of social and religious life, but often also have to solve problems that include the customary law of land, and the things that are public administration.
C. TECHNOLOGYThe Balinese have grown to know and the irrigation system subak system that regulates irrigation and cultivation in paddy fields. And they also are familiar with the architecture that governs the layout of rooms and buildings that resemble buildings Feng Shui. Architecture is an expression of symbolic communicative and educative. Bali also has a traditional weapon of one of the keris. In addition to self-defense, according to the trust if the keris soaked in water can cure people bitten by venomous animals.
D. SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONa). MarriageWithdrawals in the lineage leading to Balinese society is patrilineal. Caste system greatly affect the course of a marriage, because of a higher caste woman marries a lower caste man is not justified because there is a deviation, which would shame the family and dropped the prestige of the entire caste of female children.In some areas of Bali (not all regions), the submission shall also apply customary dowry (petuku luh), but today especially among families of learned men, had disappeared.b). KinshipCustomary retreat settled after marriage affects kinship in a community association. There are two kinds of sedentary peoples who often true retreat that is customary virilokal is customary that justify the newlyweds settled around the center of the residence of the husband's relatives, and traditional customs that determine neolokal are newlyweds living alone place the new residence. In Bali, there are three major clan groups (triwangsa), namely: Brahmin as master of ceremonies, the Knights are: group-specific klompok like arya Kepakisan and Jaba namely as a religious leader.c). SocialVillage, a whole community of people living in Bali includes two terms, namely: traditional villages and village office (administrative). Both are a union territory in connection with any religion or customs, while the village official is admistratif unity. Activities focus on areas traditional village customs and religious ceremonies, while the village official focus on areas of administration, governance and development.
E. LIVELIHOODIn general, people bali livelihood is farming the majority, on the plains where rainfall is fairly good, pertenakan especially cows and pigs as an important business in a rural community in Bali, both land and sea fishing which is odd pecaharian eyes, craft making craft objects including woven , sculptures, fabrics, carvings, percetakaan, coffee mills, cigarette factories, etc.. Efforts in this area to provide employment to residents. Because many tourists who visit Bali then arises the hotel business, travel, crafts shops.
F. RELIGIOUSReligion is the embrace by some Balinese are Hindu about 95% of the population of Bali, while the remaining 5% are adherents of Islam, Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. The purpose of life Hinduism is to achieve balance and peace to live birth and batin.orang Hindus believe in one God in the form of the concept of Trimurti, namely a form of Brahman (the creator), a form of Vishnu (the protector and maintainer), as well as a form of Shiva (the destroyer) . Places of worship called a temple retreat. Places of worship of ancestors is called buffering. Hindu scriptures are the Vedas originated from India.
People who died in a Hindu ceremony held Ngaben sanggat deemed essential to free the spirits of those who have passed away from worldly ties to heaven. Cremation itself is a cremation. The Feast of the people of Hindu religion is the implementation of Nyepi on Saka New Year celebrations on the 1st of the month 10 (kedasa), but it is also Galungan, brass, saras wati, Tumpek Landep, Tumpek uduh, and Siwa ratri.
Guidance in the teachings of Hinduism namely: (1). Tattwa (philosophy of religion), (2). Ethics (morality), (3). Ceremony (Yadnya). Retreat there are 5 kinds of ceremonies (penta Yadnya), namely (1). Human Yadnya ceremony pregnancy until adulthood. (2). Pitra Yadnya ceremony devoted to the ancestral spirits. (3). Dewa Yadnya ceremony held at the temple / shrine family. (4). Rsi Yadnya yaituupacara within the framework of the inauguration of a pastor. (5). Bhuta Yadnya the ceremony for the spirits around people who interfere with humans.
G. ARTCultural arts in Bali in the grade three main groups of fine arts such as painting, sculpture, art arsistektur, performing arts such as dance, literary arts, drama, music, and art audiovisual example of video art and film.
CULTURAL VALUES1. Manners: manners habits agree that in the neighborhood inter-human relationships in the group.2. Nguopin: mutual cooperation.3. Ngayah or ngayang: community service for religious purposes.4. Courtesy: indigenous relations in polite society of persons of different sex.
ASPECT DEVELOPMENTIn Bali type disawah livelihood is farming. Principal livelihood is beginning to shift in the types of non-agricultural livelihoods. This shift occurred because of that in the present with the development of the tourism industry in Bali, then they come further consider also, especially in the livelihoods of its inhabitants.
So most people sell their land to the tourism industry who felt bigger and more quickly enjoyed. Current earned income mostly from non-farm livelihoods, such as carpenters, drivers, industrial, and domestic crafts. Household handicraft industry as leading efforts flour skid, skid coconut, rice penyosohan, embroidery or sewing business.
Balinese dance
* Pendet Dance
Pendet was originally a dance of worship which was exhibited at many temples, places of worship of Hindus in Bali, Indonesia. This dance symbolizes the welcoming of the gods fall into the natural world. Gradually, over the times, the artists transform Pendet to "welcome", but still contains elements of the sacred-religius.a
* Kecak Dance
Kecak is a typical Balinese performing arts created in the 1930s and is played primarily by men. This dance is performed by many (tens or more) male dancers who sit in rows in a circle and with a certain rhythm called "cak" and raised both arms, depicting the Ramayana as an ape line help fight Ravana. However, the Kecak originated from sanghyang ritual, which the dancers dance traditions will be in an unconscious condition [1], to communicate with God or the spirits of the ancestors and then convey their expectations to the community.
* Legong Dance
Legong is a group of Balinese classical dance that has pembendaharaan motion a very complex structure that is bound with percussion accompaniment that supposedly is the influence of gambuh. Legong word comes from the word "leg" which means to dance a flexible or pliable and "gong" which means gamelan. "Legong" thereby implying that bound dance movement (especially the accentuation) by gamelan accompaniment.
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